Because\nAzerbaijan\nhas vast pastures, agricultural lands and alpine, natural suitable climate,\never its territory has had a special station in carpet making. Carpets and rugs\nwhich are woven by these zone villagers have a tight structure (closely knit\nstructure) and long piles. They are coarse-grained and brimful of geometrical\nand cursive designs. These carpets which have deep and dark colors narrate\nabout hard-working, persevering and contented people. These people who have a\nnature as constant as a mountain look at carpet only as a warm floor covering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Villagers\nhave become used to carpet-weaving in long wintry seasons and unemployment\ntimes inevitability. Although inclination to weave a carpet had been obligatory\nin some areas for lack of agricultural readiness and earth unkindness, however\nin more propitious conditions, as well agriculture has been confronted with\nless success and ripened less especially in western areas (Orumye, Khoi) and\nits east, Tavalesh. Carpet weaving in Azerbaijan is also two types like\nother areas. One type is woven in city and another type is woven in village,\nbut in this rural division Herriss places in a separate group from particular\nfactors view point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.Urban-weave\ncarpet weaving area with Tabriz type apart from Tabriz, Marand and\nMaragheh includes Sarab, Mianeh and Meshkin shahr from particular qualities\nview point, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.Herriss\nand its neighbor area will include Herriss, Gravan, villages on the outskirts\nand also Ahar, Sharabian and its suburbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.Rural-weave\narea is more usual in towns of East-Azerbaijan: Khalkhal, Ardabil,\nMeshkin shahr, northern parts of Arasbaran, Sarab, Mianeh and Hasht Rood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25a0 Tabriz carpet <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tabriz is among carpet weaving\ncenters, thereby it can profit a lot. Tabriz\ndesigners and carpet weavers aren\u2019t fettered to prejudices. They enjoy any\nbeautiful design and combine different designs with each other and at last they\npresent a design that its every part belongs to an area. Mixedness of Kerman\nToranj, Mashhad Lachak and Kashan fringe in Tabriz carpet weaving creates a design which\nis desirable and pleasant. Some designs aren\u2019t so distant from the primary\ndesign and keep its features. A model which is more common in Tabriz and urban-weave areas is Eslimi, Shah\nAbbassi, different kinds of Lachak Toranj. Afshane Sartasari model ( Bashabash)\nis one of Shah Abbasssi\u2019s design. Different kinds of Shekargah, Sheikh Saffi, Manzareh and Chahar\nFasl ( 4 seasons), Zir Khaki, Botteh Termee, different kinds of Mahi, Derakhti,\nGoldani, Shamaadani, Hashti 2 va 4 Rang ( 2and4 colors), Gabi, Gol Hanaiee, Gol\nFarang, Gooblan Bijar, Se Gol, Goba and (Dashti Goba), Looleh-baf Charkh Falaki\nare among designs which are used. What is wonderful in weaving these carpets\nand rugs using tens of colors which are used only for presenting color and\nlines of personages\u2019 faces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n At\npresent urban carpet weaving style isn\u2019t allocated to Tabriz\nand many villages, areas, cities and hamlets of Azerbaijan have accepted its\ncriterions, standards and effects. Urban carpet weaving is also common in\nMarand and suburban villages. One of this area\u2019s special characteristic is\nself-color, famous Kheshti (Bakhtiari) model. This type of carpet is woven\nusing not painted wool. Rug and side carpet are usually produced in Sarab and\nArdabil, but productions of Ardabil looms have\nmany variety from size and number of rows point of view as compared with other\nareas. Big carpets with Mahi model which has been extracted from Bijar\u2019s\ndesigns are produced a lot in Sarab. Urban-weave style has followers in Mianeh,\nMeshkinshahr and Tarom village\n of Khalkhal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Characteristics<\/strong>\u25a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Darhaee\n(staffs) which are used in urban weave area, one could name Tabriz Dar and\nspinning. These are Tabriz\npeople\u2019s special innovations. Tabriz Dar is formed of 4 simple wooden\ncontaining two-headed which are named up and down beam in Shabstar and Atloog\nand Oustlug in Ardabil and in some case they are called up and down Areen that\nare connected to each other by Doyan or Banlog. Two posts are used as support\nfor Dar\u2019s more firmness that its connection to up head is called Koolfeh.Dar\narranging can be done by kooji and haf and carpet weaver sits on a lumber which\nis called Kharachi or Takhtehband locally and when weaving is progressed, they\npull down carpet by loosening knots. Wraping (Boy chakmakh) <\/p>\n\n\n\n and\npulling down the carpet which need more proficiency are done by master or\ncaliph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Wool<\/strong>\u25a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n Staple\npart of wool which is needed in Azerbaijan is supplied in area itself,\nespecially Maku, Khoi, Mahabad, Dasht-E-Moghan and Orumye because Azerbaijan is\none of the animal husbandry and sheep breeding centers.Khoi and Maku sheepwool\nis more white and it is of very high quality from softness, length of fibers\nand pellucidity view point and Mahabad and Orumye\u2019s sheepwool is colorful.\nDasht-E-Moghan sheep have coarse wool and it is used in second-class carpets.\nSheepwool are shorn twice a year. Wools\u2019 spinning are done by women using small\nhand-operated machines which are called Jahreh (Kalafche) locally and they give\nspinning factories raw yarn which has a specific number for spinning.\nLuminosity and elegance of Tabriz\ncarpets are among special characteristic that one should seek its reason in\npolishing and pile shortnessof woven wool. Because Tabriz people shorten wool pile when\npolishing. Result of this action is to economize in the use of wool and\nluminosity of model. The knot which is used in weaving Tabriz carpets is Turkish knot. Measure of\nrow is counter which is 7c.m. contrary to other areas and its zaraa (unit of\nlength= 41 inches) is 11c.m. contrary to common zaraa in Tehran that is called Arshin. Transactions\u2019\nunit is square meter, but another measure, called rug, is also used which is\nequal to Tabriz\n2 square zaraa or 35 ponzeh or 2 Arshins and 3 ponzeh (knot=7c.m).<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25a0 Color<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Most\nof Iran\ncarpets have particularly colors that most of them are common in weaving\nlocality and one can distinguish weaving locality to some extent by colors. For\nexample red in Arak, crimson in Mashhad and Bijar, buff in Kerman, alizarin red\nin Hamadan, Sarband and Herriss, white in Gom and Naeen, deep blue in Fars\ntribal carpets and north of Khorasan are among the common colors, but special\ncolors are used for weaving carpets in Tabriz contrary to other areas and only\ntaking into consideration different tastes is determining carpets\u2019color.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Natural\ncolors of Azerbaijan\ncarpets consist of: alizarin (rose-colored), cochineal (rose-colored and fiery\nred), yellow weed (yellow). Indigo and yellow combine to form grass green\nand olive green. Mousy color (dark grey)\nor black soil which is called Gareh torpakh locally, is extracted from Arasbaran\nMishebare mines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25a0 Herriss\narea carpet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Azerbaijan towns have more originality in\ndesign, model and color because of their remoteness from centers and\ndeprivation of cultural and economic exchanges with other areas. Herriss in\ncenter of Azerbaijan and\neastern-north of Tabriz\nis an important center of area that its products are made especially in Gravan,\nMehrban, Sarab, Garacheh and Bakhshayesh\nthat Herriss has outrun other centers for weaving various and pleasant designs.\nCommon aspect of all models is geometrical lines which is formed of combination\nof horizontal, vertical and slant lines. Lachak and Toranj designs form by\nchange of slant, vertical and horizontal lines. Lachak and Toranj designs are\nproduced by lines change from curve to straight and changing revolving designs\nto cursive with the same characteristics. These kinds of models are woven\nsubjectively and small models which have been woven on a piece of cloth are\nused if necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bakhshayesh-Gravan<\/strong>\u25a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bakhshayesh\nhas a high rank among zones in Herriss area for producing beautiful and\nattractive side-carpets that they give them special beauty by using blue, buff\nred and brick-red. Big herbal models which are inspired of Herriss models\nrepeat throughout the context contrary to Sarab products. Wrap and woof of all\nHerriss, Gravan suburbs, Sarab, Mehrban and Bakhshayesh are cotton and\nprincipally wools are coarse. In some rugs like Bolordi rugs, two wefts are\nwoven above the knots\u2019 row instead of one weft excepcionally. The important\nknot is Turkish-weave in the zone that its knots are 600-1000 per square\ndecimeter. In some rugs that are more thick and coarse, these numbers are\nchangeable from 1000 to1500 knots per square decimeter. These areas\u2019 carpet\nweavers cut piles longer habitually. Coarsely-woven and roughness are\ncharacteristic of carpets woven in Herriss, Gravan, Bakhshyesh and Mehrban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ahar-Abhar<\/strong>\u25a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ahar\ntowns and its suburbs has also accepted Herriss style. Sharabian village is\nalso counted among Herriss in this division \nwhere they weave big,one-woof carpets because model and size of its\ncarpets aren\u2019t unlike tp Ahar\u2019s model but their design has less geometrical\nmanner and fine weave and desired quality give it special fame. Most of the\ndesigns have almost big Toranj that big leaves embrace it. Ahar and Abhar don\u2019t\nhave various models and their carpet quality is stiff and tight. It has dark\ncolors, geometrical designs and durability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sarab<\/strong>\u25a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n In\ndesign of Sarab carpets, ornamental combination forms of 4 Lachaks and one long\nmedallion. These medallions \u2019circumferences or outer edge is serrated and more\ncrooked and mainly with camel hair context. Lachakha with light brick-blue\ndesigns are very similar to central medallion. Collection of these designs (Medallion-Lachak)\nare located in contexts filled of stems, flowers\u2019 branches and palmy leaves.\nGeometrical combination evolves in edges which form of three parts and places\nbackground, geometrical pictures and serrated leaves that repeat alternately in\nit. Sarab side rugs often are soft and almost long and they have more fine\nweave than Herriss rugs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Garache<\/strong>\u25a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n Garache\nalso in eastern-north of Herriss is among the most important areas that is\nfamous for having very different side carpets in Herriss carpet weaving area\ncompared with other areas. These side carpets that one weft is used in weaving\nthem have very fine weave and suitable polish. They are known as Garache side\ncarpets in Europe market. Context of rugs and\nside carpets is usually alizarin red and edges are dark blue and most of them\nhave a geometrical Toranj in the middle and two other Toranjes which are\ndifferent of central Toranj at the two sides. In some cases, this design\nsometimes also repeats in carpet context several times. Garache rugs also have\ngeometrical designs and very small pictures in edges and context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ardabil<\/strong>\u25a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ardabil\u2019s\nname always is mentioned along with Ardabil costly carpet name belonging to the\n16th<\/sup> century A.D. which is confiscated in Victoria and Albert museum. Although Ardabil\nhad brilliant past record in weaving carpets in the past but nowadays it doesn\u2019t\nhave value and credit that other carpets have in world markets because of using\nsame and monotonous designs and not using Ardabil\ngenuine designs. Carpets which are produced in Ardabil\nare small and they are presented as a rug and called Kalagi or Mianeh locally. Ardabil rugs\u2019 designs which are very similar to Gafgaz\ncarpets form of geometrical designs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Side-carpet\nsize is more common and current in Ardabil\u2019s\nsuburbs and usual models consist of:Galami, Yourtchi, Gol Tapeh and Gol\nNagsheh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ardabil\nproducts are very similar to Gafgaz carpets,but edges in Ardabil\ncarpets are more efficient and their pile is longer and without elegance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Meshkin shahr<\/strong>\u25a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n In\nMeshkinshahr suburbs, rugs and side carpets are produced with long fibers and\nunusual sizes. This kind of products bring to mind Gafgaz hand-wovens more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shahsavanha<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Shahsavan\nrugs have Kordi color and freshnesslike rugs of \nKhorasan\u2019s Balooch so that their two-weft products which have very stiff\nand fine weave and not so elegant bring to mind gipsy woven things. Shahsavan\ntribes\u2019 product is Verny (used near the fire place), short-napped coarse\ncarpet, traveling bag , sack and gunny sack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u25a0 Zanjan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Carpets\nproduced in Zanjan which are produced in suburb villages, in fertile canyons\nfrom Abhar to Soltanieh aren\u2019t as stiff and strength as Gravan and Herriss\ncarpets and they also don\u2019t have packing capacity and bending capacity like Tabriz carpets. These\nproducts are produced in small size and dimensions as rug. They have more\ndesired colors than Gravan carpets. Dark blue, crimson (red) and cream are\ncolors that Zanjan carpet weavers like them. Regardless of weaving rugs,\nweaving big carpets are also common. Although used models in Zanjan carpets are\nsimilar to Tabriz Afshan models and Tabriz\nspecial Lachak and Toranj are used in Zanjan carpets, but changes that are\naccomplished to these designs creat models that technicians know them as Zanjan\nmodel. Mahi dar ham and Bijar model are some of customary carpet models in this\nzone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khoi, Marand, Maragheh<\/strong>\u25a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Carpet\nand rugs woven in Khoi are like Zanjan\u2019s from quality view point. It means that\nit is a stiff and tight carpet. It is carried with difficulty and it has the\nsame design and color-scheme of Zanjan rugs. A kind of undesirable rug woven in\nKhoi is called Moosel in trade market and it is the cheapest kind in world\nmarket. Marand and Maragheh products are very similar to Zanjan carpet.\nShahsavan and Azerbaijan\ntribe sects produce their products with inspiration of Tabriz suburbs designs. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Because Azerbaijan has vast pastures, agricultural lands and alpine, natural suitable climate, ever its territory has had a special station in carpet making. Carpets and rugs [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2766,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n